browse → TOCFL 4 · Characters 467
verb — to stop, cease, dismiss, call off
bàn
verb — to mix, stir together; to toss (food)
noun — money, currency
noun — a fraud, malpractice; a drawback, harm
verb — to secrete, ooze, seep out (of a fluid)
noun — the arm (手臂、臂膀)
verb — to fear, dread; adj — terrified
onomatopoeia — the toot of a horn; (in 喇叭) a trumpet
bāo
noun — placenta, womb-sac; cell (細胞); compatriot (同胞)
chuān
noun — a river, a stream
chén
noun — dawn, early morning
chì
noun — wing; fin (in cooking)
chí
verb — to hold; to grip; to keep up
chāi
verb — to take apart, dismantle; to tear down; to open (a letter)
chāo
verb — to copy out, transcribe; to scoop up; to raid
chě
verb — to pull, tug; to tear; to chatter
cuì
adj — brittle, crisp; fragile
noun/verb — the side, flank; to lean, turn sideways
noun — whip; plan, policy
noun — porcelain, china
adj — coarse, rough, thick; careless
diàn
verb/noun — to pad, prop under; a mat, cushion
diàn
verb — to set down an offering; to establish, lay (a foundation)
diàn
verb — to keep thinking of, miss, worry about
殿diàn
noun — a great hall, palace; (verb) to bring up the rear
diào
verb — to hang, suspend; to hoist; to mourn, condole
diào
verb — to fish with a hook; to angle for
diān
noun — the top, the crown, the summit; verb — to topple, jolt
diāo
verb — to wither, fade, fall (of plants); to decline
diāo
verb — to carve, engrave; noun — a bird of prey, an eagle
diē
verb — to fall, stumble; (of prices) to drop
duàn
verb — to forge, hammer metal
duì
verb — to exchange, convert (currency); to cash
duò
verb — to fall, drop; to sink (morally)
duò
adj — lazy, idle, slack
duó
verb — to seize, snatch; to strip away
duǒ
verb — to hide, dodge, get out of the way
dài
verb — to lend; to borrow; a loan
dài
verb — to catch, to arrest; to reach, to overtake
dàn
verb/noun — to be born; birth; (old) big talk, absurd
dàng
noun — file, archive; rank, grade; (verb) to file
dàng
verb — to sweep away, wash clean; (adj) vast, rippling
dèng
noun — a stool, a bench (no back)
dèng
verb — to stare, glare (eyes wide)
verb — to tie firmly, conclude (a pact, friendship)
verb — to hand over, pass along, transmit; in turn, by degrees
verb/onom — to mutter, whisper, murmur
dòng
verb — to freeze; (noun) jelly, something congealed
dòng
noun — ridgepole, main beam; (measure) a building
dòng
noun — cave, hole; (adj) thorough, penetrating
dòu
verb — to fight, struggle, contend
verb — to cross water; to ferry over, tide over
dùn
noun — shield
dān
verb — to indulge in; to delay
dāo
verb — to chatter on; to receive (a favor, humbly)
dēng
verb — to climb, ascend; to record, publish
verb/noun — to drip; a drop of liquid
dīng
noun — a nail; an adult male; the fourth heavenly stem
dīng
verb — to stare at, fix the eyes on
dūn
noun — ton (unit of weight)
dūn
verb — to squat, crouch
dǎn
noun — the gallbladder; courage, nerve
dǎng
verb — to block, ward off, obstruct
dǎo
verb — to tread, to step on; to follow, to act out
dǐng
noun — the top, the crown; verb — to carry on the head; to push against
dǒu
verb — to shake, tremble; to shake out, rouse
dǒu
adj — steep, precipitous; adv — abruptly, suddenly
verb — to gamble, bet
fàn
verb/adj — to float, drift; to flood; broad, general
fàn
verb — to trade, to peddle — noun — a peddler, a vendor
noun/adj — lack; short of, wanting
verb/noun — to punish, fine, penalize; a penalty
noun — a powerful family or faction; magnate (財閥, 軍閥)
fáng
verb — to guard against, defend, prevent
fèi
verb — to abolish, discard, lay waste; useless
fèi
noun — the lung(s)
fèn
noun/verb — indignation, anger; to resent, seethe
fèn
noun — dung, manure; (verb) to clear away, fertilise
féng
verb — to meet, come upon, encounter
féng/fèng
verb — (féng) to sew, stitch, mend; noun — (fèng) a seam, a crack, a gap
noun — a tutor, mentor; verb — to apply, spread on
adj/noun — secondary, deputy; (measure word) a set, a pair
verb — (in 吩咐 / 囑咐) to instruct, enjoin, tell to do
verb — to cover; to overturn, capsize; to reply
verb — to levy, to grant, to endow — noun — a tax; a rhapsody (a poetic form)
verb — to go to, head for, attend
verb — to lie low, crouch; to hide in wait
verb — to capture, take prisoner; noun — a captive, a prisoner of war
noun — width of cloth; a measure word for flat things (paintings, cloth)
verb/adj — to float; superficial, fleeting
fān
noun/measure — a turn, a time; foreign; (in compounds) a kind, a sort
fāng
noun — a block, ward; workshop; memorial gateway
fēn
verb — (in 吩咐) to instruct, tell, order
fēng
noun — peak, summit (the top point of a mountain)
fēng
adj — mad, insane; wild, frenzied
fēng
noun — bee; wasp
fēng
noun — the point, the sharp edge (of a blade); the vanguard
fěng
verb — to satirize, mock indirectly; to hint
verb — to spread, apply, lay on
fǎn
verb — to return, go back, turn back
仿fǎng
verb — to imitate, copy; to resemble
verb — to assist, support, supplement
guàn
verb — to run through, to pierce, to link up — noun — a string of cash
guì
verb — to kneel
guān
noun — official, officer; office, organ (of the body)
guān
noun — coffin
guān/guàn
noun — a hat, crown; (guàn) to cap, to rank first
guǎ
adj — few, scant; noun — a widow; (of a ruler) "I, the solitary one"
guǐ
noun — a rut, a track, a rail; the set course
gài
verb — to water, irrigate
gòu
verb/noun — to construct; structure
adj/verb — solid, firm; to make firm
gān
noun — the liver
gāng
verb — to lift or carry (on the shoulder); to bear
gāng
noun — the headrope of a net; the main thread, outline
verb — to cut, slash; to cede, give up a portion
verb — to put down, set aside; to shelve, delay
adj — orphaned, alone, solitary
noun — guilt, crime; verb — to fail, let down
gǎng
noun — a harbor, port; a creek inlet
gǒng
verb — to bind fast, to make firm
noun/verb — a drum; to beat, to rouse (鼓勵)
huàn
noun/adj — an illusion; illusory, magical
huá
verb — to row, paddle; to be worth it, to pay off
huì
verb — to converge, gather, channel; to remit money
huò
verb — to be confused, perplexed; to mislead
huò
verb — to catch; to obtain
huò
noun — disaster, calamity, misfortune
hào
verb — to consume, use up, drain away
háng
noun — the throat; verb — to utter a sound
háo
noun — a fine hair; (figurative) the least bit; a unit (milli-)
noun/verb — a barrier between people; to obstruct
hòu
noun — a sovereign; the queen, the empress
hēi
interjection — hey (to call); heh (a chuckle)
particle — marks a question or exclamation; (classical) at, in
verb — to breathe out; to call, shout; to summon
jiàn
noun — warship; naval vessel
jiàn
noun — a bolt, key; (鍵盤) a key on a keyboard
jiàng
noun — a craftsman, an artisan
jiè/jí
verb — (jiè) to rely on, make use of; by way of; (jí) trampled, in disorder
jié
verb — to exhaust, use up, run dry
jiāo
noun — pepper (Sichuan pepper, chili, the spice plant)
jiāo
noun — glue, gum — verb — to stick fast
jiē
verb — to lift off, raise; to expose, reveal
jiū
verb — to seize, grab and pull tight
jiū
verb — to entangle, gather up; to correct
jiǎn
adj — frugal, thrifty, sparing
jiǎo/zhuó
verb — (jiǎo) to hand over, pay, submit; (zhuó) the silk cord on an arrow
juān
verb — to donate, contribute; to relinquish
jìn
noun/adj — strength, energy, vigor; strong, tough
jìn
verb — to advance, rise; (as name) the state/dynasty Jin
jìng
noun — a (foot)path; adv — directly
jìng
verb — to compete, contend, race
verb — to compile, edit; to gather
verb — to fear, dread, be afraid
verb — to bow (鞠躬); (old) a leather kick-ball
jīn
noun — a ford, river crossing; saliva, bodily fluid
jīng
noun — whale
jūn
noun — fungus, mushroom; bacteria, germ
jǐn
adj — careful, cautious; respectful
jǐng
noun — a well; a pit
verb — to dishearten, dampen; (adj) dejected
kuà
verb — to step across, straddle, span
kuàng
adj — vast, open, empty; verb — to neglect, let go to waste
kuàng
noun — ore, mineral; a mine
kuáng
adj — mad, crazed; wild, unrestrained; arrogant
kuò
noun/adj — outline, contour; wide, empty, vast
kuò
adj — wide, broad; well-off
kòng
verb — to control, rein in; to accuse
kòu
verb — to button up; to deduct; to detain
kāng
adj — fervent, openhanded (in 慷慨)
adj — harsh, severe, exacting
kūn
noun/adj — elder; together, the same; (in 昆蟲) insect
kǎi
verb/adj — to sigh with feeling; impassioned, generous
kǎn
verb — to chop, hack, cut down
kǔn
verb — to tie up, bind, bundle; noun — a bundle
li
particle — sentence-final tone marker; (in 英哩) a mile
liàn
verb — to smelt, refine; noun — a chain
lián
adj — honest, upright; cheap, low-priced
liáo
adj — far, distant, vast; (place) Liao
liè
adj — inferior, poor, of low quality
liè
verb — to split, tear, crack
liū
verb — to slip, slide; to sneak off; (adj) smooth, quick
liǎ
num — the two (of them); a couple, a pair
liǔ
noun — willow
luo
particle/bound — in 囉嗦: long-winded; sentence-final tone marker
luò
noun — used in 駱駝 (camel); a black-maned white horse
luó
noun/verb — a net for catching birds; to spread out, gather; (surname Luó)
luó
verb — to patrol; (in 邏輯) logic
luó
noun — a gong
luǎn
noun — egg; ovum; roe, spawn
noun — the year-end (twelfth month); cured meat
noun — wax
làn
verb/adj — to overflow; excessive, indiscriminate
làn
adj — soft-cooked, overripe, rotten; brilliant
lán
verb — to bar the way, intercept, hold back
láng
noun — wolf; (in compounds) cruel, ravenous
láo
verb — in 嘮叨: to chatter on, nag
láo
noun/adj — a pen, fold; firm, secure; prison
verb — to rein in, strap tight; to force, extort; to carve
léi
noun — thunder
noun — a grain, a kernel; measure word for small round things
noun — pear (tree, fruit)
noun — bamboo fence, hedge
noun/adj — the multitude (黎民); dark; just before dawn (黎明)
lín
verb — to look down on; to approach, be on the point of
líng
verb — to rise above, override; to insult, ride over
líng
noun — a small bell
lòu
verb — to leak, drip through; to let slip, omit
lóng
noun — the throat (only in 喉嚨)
lóu
particle — sentence-final tone marker (reminder, completion)
adj — busy, toiling; (of stones) common, ordinary
noun — a stove, furnace, brazier
lún
noun — human relations, moral order; a kind, peer
lún
verb — to sink, be reduced to; to be lost, perish
lāo
verb — to scoop or fish out of water; to gain by improper means
lōu
verb — to gather in one's arms, hug; to pull toward oneself
noun/onomatopoeia — (in 喇叭) a horn, trumpet; a rushing sound
lǎn
adj — lazy, idle; disinclined, sluggish
lǒng
noun/verb — a raised field-ridge; a mound; to monopolize (壟斷)
verb — to capture, take prisoner; (noun) a captive
noun — donkey
verb — to tread, to walk; to carry out; noun — a shoe
noun — aluminum
verb — to think over, plan, be concerned about
verb — to filter, strain
lǜ/shuài
noun — rate, ratio; (shuài) verb — to lead, command
miào
adj — wonderful, subtle, ingenious
mián
noun — cotton
綿mián
adj/noun — soft and continuous; silk floss, cotton wadding
miè
verb — to extinguish, put out; to destroy, wipe out
miǎn
verb — to strive, exert oneself; to urge, encourage
mài
noun — blood vessel; pulse; vein-like channel
mài
verb — to stride, step forward; adj — aged, advanced in years
màn
noun/verb — vine, creeper; to spread, creep
mào
adj — luxuriant, flourishing, dense (of plants)
mái
verb — to bury; to hide, cover over
mán
verb — to deceive, hide the truth from
mán
adj/adv — rough, unreasonable; quite, rather
máng
adj/noun — blind; ignorant of
máng
adj — vast and blurred; vague, at a loss
máo
noun — spear, lance
mèi
noun/verb — a sprite, demon; to charm, bewitch (魅力)
mèn/mēn
adj/verb — stifled, depressed; bored; (mēn) stuffy, sealed in
méi
noun — go-between, matchmaker; medium
méi
noun — a measure word for small flat or round things; a stalk, twig
méi
noun — plum (tree, blossom, fruit)
méi
noun — lintel, the beam above a door
méi
noun — coal
méi
noun — eyebrow
méng
noun — a roving commoner; a ruffian, hooligan
méng
noun/verb — alliance, sworn pact; to ally
méng
verb — to cover; to receive (a favor); to deceive; dim (蒙蔽, 蒙受, 啟蒙)
noun — honey; sweet
verb/adv — to fill, make full; more, the more
noun — a riddle; a mystery
míng
adj/noun — dark, dim; the unseen, the underworld (冥想, 幽冥)
noun — ink; ink-stick
noun/adj — desert; vast and empty; indifferent
noun — a demon, devil; the uncanny (魔力、魔術)
mó/mò
verb/noun — (mó) to grind, rub; (mò) a millstone
mó/mú
noun — mold, pattern, model; (mú) the mold itself, the look
měng
adj — fierce, violent; vigorous, sudden
verb — to wipe; to smear on; to erase
adj/noun — male (of animals); a male beast
nián
verb — to stick, adhere, glue
niē
verb — to pinch, knead; to mold; to fabricate (a story)
nuó
verb — to move, shift over; to transfer (funds, time)
nài
verb — to do something about, cope with (mostly in 無奈, 奈何)
noun — mud, clay; (verb, nì) to be stuck on, cling to
verb/noun — to be angry; anger, rage
páng
adj/noun — huge, vast; a face (面龐)
páo
noun — a long robe, gown
verb — to open up, throw open; to clear, refute
noun — the bodily soul; vigor, spirit (魄力、氣魄)
pāo
verb — to throw, toss; to cast aside, abandon
pěng
verb — to hold up in both hands, cup; to flatter, boost
verb — to mark, approve; to criticize; measure — a batch
verb — to drape over the shoulders; to spread open; to split
pīn
verb — to piece together, join; to spell; to go all out
pōu
verb — to cut open, dissect; to lay bare, analyze
noun — a chart, register, score; to set to music
qià
verb/adj — to be in harmony; to consult, arrange
qiáo
noun — a sojourner abroad, an emigrant
quàn
noun — a ticket, voucher, certificate, bond
quàn
verb — to urge, advise, persuade; to encourage
quán
noun — fist; boxing, a martial-art style
quán
noun — power; rights
què
noun — a small bird, a sparrow
quān/juàn
noun (quān) — a circle, ring; (juàn) a pen, enclosure
noun/verb — a contract, deed; to agree, fit
verb — to abandon, throw away, give up
noun/adj — fork (in a road); divergent, different
qín
adj — diligent, hardworking; adv — frequently
qún
noun — flock, herd, group, crowd
noun — wife
noun — kin, relative; adj — grieved, sorrowful
qīn
verb — to encroach, invade; to infringe
verb — to bend, bow; to yield, submit
verb — to open; to start; to enlighten
qǐn
verb — to sleep, lie down to rest; noun — sleeping chamber
verb — to marry (a woman), take a wife
ruǎn
adj — soft, pliable, weak
rào
verb — to wind around, circle, detour
rán
verb — to burn, ignite, set alight
róng
noun/verb — glory, honor; to flourish
rùn
verb/adj — to moisten, enrich; smooth, glossy
verb — to provoke, stir up, bring on (trouble)
rǎo
verb — to disturb, trouble, harass
shang/cháng
noun — (cháng) a lower garment, a skirt — (shang, in 衣裳) clothing
shuì
noun — tax, duty
shuò
adj — large, great; eminent
shuāi
verb — to fall, tumble; to throw down, fling
shuāi
verb — to decline, weaken
shuǎ
verb — to play, fool around, show off
shuǎi
verb — to swing, fling, throw off
shàn/shān
noun/verb — a fan; a door leaf; (shān) to fan, to fan up
shè
verb — to take in, absorb; to take (a photo); to act in place of
shèn
adj — careful, cautious, prudent
shèng
verb — to win, defeat; to surpass; to be equal to
shèng
noun/adj — sage; holy, sacred
shé
noun — the tongue
shéng
noun — rope, cord; (verb) to bind, hold to a standard
shì
verb — to wait on, attend, serve (a superior)
shì
noun — power, force; momentum; the situation, the trend
shì
verb — to swear, to vow; (noun) an oath
shí
verb — to pick up, gather; to tidy up
shí
verb — to eat away, corrode; (of sun/moon) to be eclipsed
shòu
noun — long life, longevity; lifespan; a birthday
shòu
noun — a beast, a wild animal
shù
verb — to relate, narrate, state
shāo
adv — slightly, a little; (verb, old) tip of grain
shēn
verb — to stretch, extend, reach out
shēn
verb — to state, declare; to extend
shě
verb — to give up, let go of, part with
shěn
verb — to examine closely, investigate; to try (a case)
shī
noun — a poem; poetry
shū
verb/adj — to dredge open, unclog; sparse, distant; to neglect
shǎ
adj — foolish, silly, simple-minded
shǎn
verb — to flash, dodge, dart aside
shǔ
noun — yam, potato, tuber
shǔ
noun — rat, mouse; rodent
suo
particle/bound — in 囉嗦/嗦: long-winded, wordy
suō
verb — to egg on, incite, instigate; (in 囉唆) to be wordy
suǐ
noun — marrow; the core, essence (精髓)
verb — to feed, to raise (animals)
sòng
noun/verb — an ode; to praise, to extol
verb — to mold, shape (in clay); noun — sculpture, plastic
adj — solemn, grave; to clear, purge
sāi/sè/sài
verb (sāi/sè) — to stuff, block, stop up; noun (sài) — a frontier pass
sāng/sàng
verb (sàng) — to lose, forfeit; noun (sāng) — mourning, a funeral
sāo
verb — to disturb, agitate; adj — restless; literary — refined, poetic
noun — silk; a thread, a fine strand; the smallest trace
sōu
measure word — for boats and ships (一艘船)
sǎo
noun — elder brother's wife, sister-in-law
tuò
verb — to open up, expand, clear (new ground)
tuó
noun — a camel; verb — to hunch, be bent (of the back)
tuǒ
adj — settled, proper, secure; (with 當) all in order
tàng
adj — scalding, burning hot; verb — to scald; to perm; to iron
tàng
measure word — a trip, a run (a round of going) — verb — to wade through (tāng)
tái
noun — counter, table, desk
táo
noun/verb — pottery; to mold, to shape
adj/verb — wary, on guard; alarmed, vigilant
tíng
noun — a court; the ruler's hall (朝廷、宮廷)
tóng
noun — copper, bronze
verb — to collapse, cave in; to sink, droop
pronoun — it (referring to an animal)
tāo
verb — to pull out, fish out (from a pocket, hole)
禿
adj — bald, bare, hairless
tǎn
noun — blanket, rug, carpet
tǒng
noun — tube, cylinder, pipe
wàng
adj — absurd, reckless, presumptuous
wáng
verb — to flee; to lose; to die, perish
wéi
adv — only, alone; interjection — yes (a respectful assent)
wēi
noun — power that commands awe, authority; verb — to overawe, threaten
wěi
verb — to entrust; bent, roundabout
noun — a roof tile; fired earthenware; (loan) watt
wǎng
adj — crooked, bent; wronged, unjust — adverb — in vain
noun — a squad of five; the ranks, troops
xiàn
verb — to envy, to admire and want
xiàn
verb — to fall into, sink into; to frame, trap
xiàng
noun — a lane, alley
xiào
verb — to whistle; to howl (wind, beast)
xiào
verb — to resemble, be like; (noun) likeness
xián
verb — to dislike, mind, find fault with; noun — suspicion
xiè
noun — tool, device, machine; (old) fetters
xié
adj — slanting, oblique — verb — to tilt, lean
xié
noun/verb — the ribs, flank; to coerce, threaten
xié
adj — harmonious, in tune, in agreement
xiù
noun — sleeve
xiā
adj/adv — blind; blindly, at random
xiā
noun — shrimp, prawn
xiān
noun — immortal; a transcendent being
xiāo/xuē
verb — to whittle, pare, peel (xiāo); to cut down, reduce (xuē)
xiē
verb — to rest, stop; to lodge for the night
xiǎng
verb — to enjoy; to receive (an offering)
xiǔ
verb/adj — to rot, decay; rotten
xuán
verb — to hang, suspend; to be left unsettled
xuē
noun — a boot
noun — a daughter-in-law; (媳婦) a son's wife, a wife
xíng
noun — a penalty, punishment; corporal/legal punishment
xíng
noun — a mold; a type, model
noun — thread-end, loose end; beginnings; mood
xùn
adj — swift, rapid
xún
verb — to follow along, abide by
verb — to split; to analyze
adj — sparse, thin, rare; watery
xīn
noun — firewood, fuel; salary, pay
yuán
verb — to pull up; to aid, rescue
yuán
noun — an edge, border; a connection, fate
yuān
noun — injustice, a wrong; verb — to wrong, to frame
yàn
noun/verb — a banquet; to feast, host a banquet
耀yào
verb — to shine, dazzle; noun — glory
yán
adj/noun — blazing hot; inflammation
yáo
noun — a folk song; a rumor
noun — liquid, fluid
noun — an epidemic, plague, contagious disease
yìng
verb — to reflect, shine on; to show (a film)
yìng
adj — hard, firm, stiff
noun — bearing, decorum; a rite; an instrument
yíng
noun — fly (the insect)
yóu
adv — still, yet; verb — (in 猶豫) to hesitate; conj — just as, like
verb — to resist, ward off, defend against
adj — abundant, ample, well-off
adj — pleased, at ease; beforehand, in advance
adj/verb — lush, dense; gloomy, pent-up
verb — to amuse, entertain, give delight
noun/verb — surplus, remainder; to have left over
yún
adj/verb — even, uniform; to even out, share evenly
verb — to pledge, mortgage; to detain; to escort; (of rhyme) to fall on
yān
noun — tobacco; a cigarette
pronoun — that one, he/she (literary) — particle in some compounds
yīng
noun — an infant, newborn baby
yōu
verb/noun — to worry; sorrow, grief
yǎn
verb — to cover, conceal
yǎn
verb — to overflow, spread out, derive
yǎng
noun — oxygen
yǎng
verb/adj — to itch, be itchy
noun — a small island, an islet
zhàng
noun — a unit of ten chi; an elder, a man
zhèn
verb — to shake, quake; to shock, startle
zhì
verb — to stand erect, tower, stand facing (across from)
zhì
noun — order, sequence; official rank
zhì
verb — to send, deliver; to cause; to devote
zhì
verb — to make, manufacture; to tailor
zhí
verb — to hold, grasp; to carry out
zhí
verb — to throw, to hurl, to fling
zhú
noun — a candle, a torch
zhēn
verb — to investigate, scout, detect
zhēn
noun — a needle; an injection
zhēng
verb — to levy, summon, collect; to seek out
zhěn
verb — to examine (a patient), diagnose
zhī
particle — of, 's; (classical) to go; it
zhōng
noun/adj — inner feelings; heartfelt, sincere
zhōu
noun — region, prefecture; (orig.) river islet
zhǔn
verb — to allow, approve
zàn
verb — to praise, to commend; (noun) a "like"
zàng
noun — an internal organ; the viscera
zán
pron — we, you and I
zāo
noun — distiller's dregs, lees; verb/adj — to spoil, ruined, awful
zāo
verb — to meet with, to come up against (usually misfortune)
zūn
verb — to follow, to comply with, to abide by
àn
noun — bank, shore (the high edge where land meets water)
àn
adj — dark, dim; secret, hidden
é
adj/adv — leaning, tilted; in a moment, suddenly; (俄) the sound for Russia
é
noun — goose
ēn
noun — kindness, favor, grace