V得+補語 — Manner/degree complement: the action happens, then 得 opens onto a verdict on how it went.

grammar → V得+補語

TSUMUGU · TBCL 2 (est.) · 語法

V得+補語 grammar point · tier 1 · manner/degree complement (V 得 + how it went)

· de

Manner/degree complement: the action happens, then 得 opens onto a verdict on how it went.

Hook inherited from 得.

Manner/degree complement

框 · Frame

[verb] 得 [complement: how / how well]

觸 · Trigger

You did the action; now you want to say how it turned out, not just that it happened.

序 · The move

1state the verb (the action itself)is the action already done or habitual, not the point in question?

2attach 得 directly behind the verbnothing sits between the verb and 得?

3give the verdict: how, or how wellis the complement a judgement on the action, not a second action?

4if there is an object, repeat the verb before 得他寫字寫得很漂亮 — verb said twice when an object is present?

例 · Examples

1她的字characters; handwriting寫write得light link to the verdict很漂亮very beautiful (how it came out)。

Her handwriting comes out very beautiful.

界 · Boundary

結果補語

得 opens onto a verdict on the action (寫得很漂亮 = how the writing came out); 結果補語 fuses an outcome straight to the verb with no 得 (寫完 = the writing got finished). Verdict behind 得, completed outcome without it.

可能補語

V 得 + 補語 rates an action that happened (跑得很快 = ran fast); V 得 + result rates whether it can reach the result (跑得到 = can make it). One judges the manner, the other judges the possibility.

no 得: 她寫字漂亮 → 她寫字寫得很漂亮

object between verb and 得: 他寫得字很漂亮 → 他寫字寫得很漂亮

negation on the verb: 他不跑得快 → 他跑得不快 (negate the verdict, not the verb)

English puts the adverb before or near the verb (writes beautifully); learners front the manner word or drop 得, never letting the verdict ride behind the verb.